– Antennal scape and pedicel much lengthened; antenna black, almost twice as long as head; hind femur with 3 or more subapical setae; legs mainly yellow; tarsi black except base; M₁₊₂ without rudiment of M₂; costa with strong stigma; 5.0-6.5.Fig. 32 ... latipennis Fallιn

3. Femora entirely or largely black ... 4

– Femora yellow, or if partly black, then none completely encircled with black ... 5

4. Lower postocular cilia pale ... 6

– Lower postocular cilia black ... 17

5. Lower postocular cilia pale ... 37

– Lower postocular cilia black ... 94

6. 3^rd and 4^th segments of hind tarsus with long black plumage; 6.0 ... remipes Wahlberg

– Hind tarsus simple ... 7

7. Hind basitarsus with 1 dorsal seta ... 8

– Hind basitarsus with at least 2 dorsal setae ... 9

8. Ventral fringe of hind femur black; hind tibia simple; wing darkened at apex; 4.5-5.0 ... signifer Haliday

– Ventral fringe of hind femur pale yellow; hind tibia somewhat swollen about middle, spindle-shaped; wing almost hyaline; 4.0-4.5.Fig. 37 ... clavipes Haliday

9. Femora entirely or except apices black ... 10

– At least mid femora yellow ... 16

10. Fore tibia with long apicoventral seta; 4.0. Fig. 38 ... costalis Frey

– Fore tibia without such seta ... 11

11. Hind tibia with numerous long dorsal and ventral setae; hind femur with ventral fringe of long black cilia; 4.0-4.5 ... tanythrix Loew

– Hind tibia with normal setae; hind femur with or without ventral fringe ... 12

12. Fore and mid tibiae black or brown-black, sometimes with yellow knees; hind femur without long ventral setae; face yellow to brown; 4.0-4.5. Fig. 34 ... atripes Meigen 

– Fore and mid tibiae yellow ... 13

13. Hind femur with long black ventral cilia or setae ... 14

– Hind femur without long ventral setae ... 15

14. Wing behind m-cu with distinct dark spot; face covered with white hairs; 4.0... punctum Meigen 

– Wing without spot; face bare, light grey; 4^th and 5^th segments of fore tarsus weakly widened and flattened; 4.0 ... fraterculus Zetterstedt

15. Wing costa without stigma at R₁; hypopygium very small; 4.0 ... spretus Loew

– Wing costa with distinct dot-like stigma at R₁; hypopygium normal; cercus rhombic; 3.5-4.0. Fig. 42 ... vitripennis Meigen

16. 4^th and 5^th segments of fore tarsus weakly widened and flattened; wing costa simple or with dot-like stigma at R₁; hind femur with long black ventral cilia; hypopygium normal; 4.0 ... fraterculus Zetterstedt

– Fore legs and costa simple, hind femur without ventral cilia; hypopygium small; 4.0 ... micropygus Wahlberg

17. Some segments of fore and mid tarsi widened or plumose ... 18

– Tarsi simple ... 22

18. Apex of fore tibia, 1^st and 2^nd segments of fore tarsus dorsoventrally, 4^th segment of same tarsus dorsally and 5^th segment of mid tarsus plumose; 5.0 ... bonsdorffi Frey

– Some segments of either fore or mid tarsus modified ... 19

19. Some segments of fore tarsus modified ... 20

– Some segments of mid tarsus modified ... 21

20. 5^th segment of fore tarsus widened and flattened dorsoventrally; previous 3 segments all pale; cercus more or less rectangular, whitish, with the dark border narrow; 4.7-5.0 ... nigripes Fallιn

– 5^th segment of fore tarsus compressed laterally, elongate-oval or trapezoid; legs black, with brown knees and tarsal bases; cercus roundish, rusty yellow with broad blackish border; 4.0 ... melanopus Meigen

21. Hind tibia yellow with black apex; hind femur with long with ventral hairs; 2^nd-4^th segments of mid tarsus black with white rings; 5^th segment of mid tarsus black, with broad black plumage; 5.5-6.0 ... annulitarsis Ringdahl

– Hind tibia black except yellow base; 1^st-4^th segments of mid tarsus yellow; 5^th segment of same tarsus black, widened and flattened; 4.5-5.0 ... planitarsis Fallιn 

22. Fore and mid tibiae black, at most with yellow knees ... 23

– Fore and mid tibiae yellow (sometimes white), or if black then mid tibia with broad median white ring ... 28

23. Hind femur with ventral row of long black cilia ... 24

– Hind femur without long ventral cilia ... 25

24. Mid and hind femora with 2-3 subapical anterior setae; 5.0-6.0 ... maculipennis Zetterstedt

– Femora with only one subapical seta; 4.0-5.5 ... lepidus Staeger 

25. Wing with distinct black spot at apex; 5.5. Fig. 40 ... ruthei Loew

– Wing without spot at apex ... 26

26. Hypopygium small, with cercus reaching to IV or at most III segment of abdomen; 4.0 ... consimilis Wahlberg

– Hypopygium large, with cercus reaching to II or I segment of abdomen ... 27

27. 2^nd-4^th segments of fore tarsus yellow; 5.0-5.5 ... meigeni Loew

– Fore tarsus uniformly black or at most yellow at base; costa distinctly thickened from R₁ towards apex; face whitish grey, rarely pale yellowish; cercus elongate-oval, with black margin, at apex strongly incised and bearing long falcate setae; 4.5-6.0 ... picipes Meigen

28. Mid femur entirely or mainly black; if mid femur yellow in distal half, then mid tibia with 3-4 ventral setae ... 29

– Mid femur mainly yellow; mid tibia with 1 ventral seta ... 36

29. Mid femur with 2 subapical setae ... 30

-Mid femur with 1 subapical seta ... 32

30. Cercus light brown with black margin; antennal stylus lanceolate at apex; 6.5. Fig. 44 ... lancearius Hedstrφm

– Cercus blackish brown; stylus simple ... 31

31. Hind femur with long posteroventral cilia, more than half as long as diameter of femur; face yellow; face in middle nearly equal to height of postpedicel; posterior wing margin sinuate; 4.0. Fig. 36 ... campestris Meigen

– Hind femur without long posteroventral cilia; face whitish; face in middle 1.5-2 times as wide as height of postpedicel; posterior wing margin evenly convex; 4.0 ... fulgidus Fallιn

32. Lower calypter with yellow cilia; wing usually brownish at apex; hind femur with long ventral white hairs; 7.0-8.0 ... mannerheimi Zetterstedt

– Lower calypter with black cilia; wing transparent or evenly dark; hind femur without white hairs ... 33

33. Hind femur bare or with short hairs ventrally; hypopygium small; costa weakly thickened at R₁; face grey; cercus small, irregularly pear-like, white, with black limb; 4.0 ... cruralis Wahlberg

– Hind femur with ventral row of long black cilia ... 34

34. Costa without true stigma at R₁, but usually slightly thickened before R₁; 5.0-6.0 ... armillatus Wahlberg 

– Costa with distinct stigma at R₁ ... 35

35. Fore and mid tibiae yellow; hind basitarsus nearly equal to next segment; hind tibia distinctly thickened; 4.0-5.5 ... lepidus Staeger 

– Fore tibia black; mid tibia black with broad snow-white ring; hind basitarsus somewhat longer than 2^nd and 3^rd segments combined; hind tibia simple; 6.0 ... annulipes Zetterstedt 

36. Hind femur with 2-3 subapical setae; face brown; 5.0-6.0.Fig. 43 ... zetterstedti Stenhammar

– Hind femur with 1 subapical seta; 4.0 ... rupestris Haliday

37. Tarsi with one or more segments enlarged, plumose (or pennate), silvered or white ... 38

– All tarsi simple ... 53

38. Fore tarsus modified ... 39

– Mid tarsus modified ... 44

39. Fore tarsus with 4^th and 5^th segments enlarged, laterally compressed and coarsely fringed dorsally; 5.5-6.5 ... plumitarsis Fallιn

– Fore tarsus with only 5^th segment enlarged; 4^th segment cylindrical and sometimes rather long and slender ... 40

40. Lower calypter with yellow cilia ... 41

– Lower calypter with black cilia; hind femur with only one subapical seta ... 42

41. Hind femur with at least 2 subapical setae; 5.75-7 ... claviger Stannius

– Hind femur with only one subapical seta; 5.0-5.5 ... pseudomigrans Ringdahl

42. Costal stigma at R₁ well developed; postpedicel nearly twice longer than high at base; antennal stylus subapical; 4.0 ... discimanus Wahlberg 

– Costa simple, without stigma; postpedicel 1.5 times longer than high at base; antennal stylus middorsal ... 43

43. Fore tarsus with 4^th and 5^th segments about equal in length; mid basitarsus with a dorsal seta; first bend of M₁₊₂ almost angular, often with short stub-vein; 4.75-5.5 ... migrans Zetterstedt

– 4^th segment of fore tarsus more than twice as long as 5^th; mid basitarsus without seta dorsally; both bends of M₁₊₂ smoothly rounded and weakly formed; 5.0-6.5. Fig. 1 ... discifer Stannius

44. Mid basitarsus pennate anterodorsally and posteroventrally, without white or silvered segments ... 45

– Mid basitarsus simple ... 47

45. Mid tibia thin, yellow, whitish at apex, with longitudinal narrow dark streak anterodorsally; apex of hind tibia and whole hind basitarsus black or brownish black; 4.0-5.0 ... plumipes (Scopoli)

– Mid tibia without dark streak; hind tibia usually yellow to apex ... 46

46. Hind tibia and basal half of hind basitarsus yellow; plumage of mid basitarsus about 2 times longer than diameter of basitarsus; hypopygium larger, with cercus reaching abdominal segment II; 5.0 ... wahlbergi Zetterstedt

– Hind basitarsus entirely black; hind tibia more or less darkened at apex; plumage of mid basitarsus slightly longer than diameter of basitarsus; hypopygium smaller, with cercus reaching abdominal segment III; 4.0 ... pectinitarsis Stenhammar

47. Hind femur with 2 or more subapical setae (D. urbanus having sometimes 1 subapical seta); 4^th segment of mid tarsus black ... 48

– Hind femur with only one subapical seta ... 50

48. Face silvery white; mid tarsus without laterally compressed segments; 3^rd and 4^th segments simple; 5^th entirely silvery white, as long as 4^th; hind tibia extensively dark; hind basitarsus entirely black; 4.5-6.0 ... urbanus Meigen

– Face yellow; mid tarsus with 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th segments rather strongly laterally compressed; 3^rd and 4^th with long and coarse fringe above; 5^th mainly white, shorter than 4^th; hind tibia entirely, and basitarsus mainly yellow ... 49

49. 3^rd and 4^th segments of mid tarsus at least 2 times wider than 2^nd tarsomere, with long dorsal plumage, equal to width of segments; 5.0-6.75 ... popularis Wiedemann 

– 3^rd and 4^th segments of mid tarsus hardly wider than 2^nd tarsomere, with shorter dorsal plumage; 5.0-6.0 ... aemulus Loew

50. Mid tarsus with 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th segments silvery white on anterior side; segments 2 to 5 slightly laterally compressed; 4.0-5.5 ... argyrotarsis Wahlberg

– Mid tarsus with only 4^th and 5^th segments silvery white on anterior side ... 51

51. Mid tarsus without laterally compressed segments; swelling on hind tibia rather short, oval, with small dark tubercle at middle; postpedicel twice longer than high at base; 4.0-5.0 ... signatus Meigen

– 2^nd and 3^rd segments of mid tarsus distinctly laterally compressed, appearing somewhat dilated in lateral view; swelling on hind tibia more extended lengthwise, without tubercle at middle; postpedicel not more than 1.5 times as long as high at base ... 52

52. Swelling on hind tibia posteriorly with small roundish patch at middle devoid of black setulae and covered with microscopic pale yellow pile which is continued down to tip of tibia in a moderately broad posterodorsal stripe; scutellum with rather numerous pale hairs on hind face in more than one fringe; 5.0-6.0 ... pennatus Meigen

– Mid area of hind tibial swelling without pale yellow pile, but almost entirely covered with tiny black setulae, the longitudinal stripe of pale yellow pile to tip of tibia appearing extremely narrow from certain points of view; scutellum with only single sparse fringe of about 10 pale hairs on lower margin of hind face, sometimes 2-3 isolated hairs above; 5.0-6.5 ... subpennatus d'Assis Fonseca

53. Hind femur with fringe of long setiform ventral hairs; at least some of the hairs as long as greatest diameter of femur ... 54

– Hind femur without this fringe of long hairs; at most with hairs hardly more than half as long as greatest diameter of femur ... 64

54. Wing with at least first bend of M₁₊₂ rectangular, almost always bearing a short stub-vein (rudiment of M₂); fore tibia with long apicoventral seta; hind basitarsus with only one dorsal seta; 5.0-5.75 ... griseipennis Stannius

– Both bends of M₁₊₂ normal, smoothly rounded and without trace of stub-vein ... 55

55. Fore tibia with long apicoventral seta; hind basitarsus with only one dorsal seta; ventral fringe on hind femur dark; 4.0-5.0 ... signifer Haliday

– Fore tibia without apicoventral seta ... 56

56. Hind femur with dark ventral hairs ... 57

– Hind femur with yellow ventral hairs ... 59

57. Mid and hind femora with two subapical setae; fore femur black; face brown; 5.0-6.0.Fig. 43 ... zetterstedti Stenhammar

– Mid and hind femora with one subapical seta ... 58

58. Costal stigma undeveloped; scape and pedicel yellow beneath; hypopygium small; median segments of fore tarsus with fringe of erect short hairs; 3.5 ... propinquus Zetterstedt

– Stigma well developed, long; face dark yellow; fore tarsus with accumbent hairs; 4.5-5.5 ... hilaris Loew

59. Lower calypter with light cilia; legs mainly light yellow; antennae mostly black (see above) ... hilaris Loew 

– Lower calypter with black cilia ... 60

60. Fore tarsus with only normal decumbent setulae on all surfaces; fore coxa white-haired; antennae black; postpedicel yellow ventrally; 4.0-5.5 ... arbustorum Stannius

– Median segments of fore tarsus with regular fringe of more or less erect, uniformly short hairs on anterior or anteroventral side ... 61

61. Fore tarsus, in dorsal view, with 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th segments distinctly curved; 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd each with long curved seta at tip of anteroventral side; hind basitarsus entirely black; 5.0-5.5 ... cilifemoratus Macquart

– All segments of fore tarsus quite straight in dorsal view; 3^rd segment always without apical seta ... 62

62. Wing almost without costal stigma; fore tarsus with erect short hairs rather inconspicuous and confined to apical ? or less of each segment, without anteroventral seta at tip of any segment; hind basitarsus mainly clear yellow; 4.5-5.0 ... virgultorum Haliday

– Costal stigma well developed; fore tarsus with erect hairs along whole length of median segments; at least fore basitarsus with apical seta; hind basitarsus entirely black ... 63

63. 1^st and 2^nd segments of fore tarsus each with strongish curved apical seta; pedicel and postpedicel mainly yellow; 5.0-6.5 ... festivus Haliday

– Only basal segment of fore tarsus with shorter, more or less straight apical seta; pedicel and postpedicel usually largely darkened; 4.0-5.0 ... trivialis Haliday

64. Fore tibia with long apicoventral seta ... 65

– Fore tibia without apicoventral seta ... 77

65. Antennal scape and pedicel much lengthened; antenna black, almost twice as long as head; postpedicel only little longer than high; hind femur with 3 or more subapical setae; legs mainly yellow; tarsi black except base; M₁₊₂ without rudiment of M₂; costa with strong stigma; 5.0-6.5 (see above) ... latipennis Fallιn

– Basal antennal segments normal; antenna not or hardly longer than head, or if much longer, then postpedicel quite 3 times longer than high; hind femur with only one subapical seta ... 66

66. Wing with at least first bend of M₁₊₂ more or less rectangular, almost always bearing a short stub-vein (rudiment of M₂) ... 67

– Both bends of M₁₊₂ normal, smoothly rounded and without trace of stub-vein ... 68

67. Lower calypter with black cilia; hind basitarsus almost entirely yellow; distal margin of cercus with strong curved setae, as long as cercus; 4.5-6.0 ... nitidus Fallιn

– Lower calypter with yellow cilia; hind basitarsus entirely black; face extending below level of lower eye-margin; 4.75-6.0.Fig. 31 ... diadema Haliday

68. Lower calypter with pale cilia ... 69

– Lower calypter with black cilia ... 71

69. Postpedicel 2-3 times longer than high at base; face golden; hind tibia entirely yellow, at least on anterior side; 3.5-4.0 ... longicornis Stannius

– Postpedicel not more than 1.5 times longer than high; face silvery white ... 70

70. Coxae whitish; mid coxa with grey or black spot; hind tibia usually darkened at apex both anteriorly and posteriorly; 4.0-4.5 ... linearis Meigen 

– Mid and hind coxae black, grey pollinose; antenna black; one or two basal segments of antenna reddish ventrally; 3.0.Fig. 35 ... austriacus Parent

71. Face yellow or brownish ... 72

– Face silvery white or yellowish white ... 73

72. Wing costa without stigma at R₁; antenna yellow; postpedicel black or brown-black dorsoapically; all tibiae yellow; 3.0 ... calinotus Loew

– Wing costa with well developed stigma; antenna black, rarely scape reddish ventrally at apex; hind tibia black on apical 1/4 to 1/3, somewhat dilated at apex; 3.5-4.5 ... notatus Staeger

73. Antenna entirely black, at most scape reddish ventrally at apex ... 74

– At least scape distinctly yellow along whole length beneath ... 76

74. Hind basitarsus with one dorsal seta; postpedicel more than twice longer than high at base; face bare; 3.0 ... litorellus Zetterstedt

– Hind basitarsus with two dorsal setae; postpedicel hardly longer than high at base; face fine-haired ... 75

75. Frons shining metallic green; antennal scape reddish ventrally at apex; cercus almost rectangular; 4.0. Fig. 39 ... latilimbatus Macquart 

– Frons white pollinose, not shining; antenna entirely black; cercus irregularly triangular; 4.5 ... albifrons Loew

76. Hind basitarsus distinctly yellow in basal half; hind coxa mainly black on outer side; anterior half of wing darkened in apical third; 3.5-4.0 ... sabinus Haliday

– Hind tarsus entirely black, paler sometimes at extreme base; hind coxa entirely or mainly yellow; wing clear, at most slightly tinged with yellow; 4.0-4.5 (see above) ... linearis Meigen 

77. Lower calypter with entirely or mostly pale cilia ... 78

– Lower calypter with entirely black cilia ... 80

78. Postpedicel at least twice longer than high at base; hind coxa almost entirely yellow; 3.5-4.0 ... acuticornis Wiedemann

– Postpedicel only little longer than high at base; hind coxa mainly black ... 79

79. Face hairy; antenna black, at most reddish at tip of scape beneath; cercus without rectangular teeth or claw-like setae; hind femur without ventral fringe; 3.75-4.5 ... nubilus Meigen

– Face bare; at least scape yellow along whole length beneath; cercus with rectangular teeth and claw-like setae on apical margin; hind femur with complete fringe of short fine pale hairs beneath; 4.5-5.0 ... caligatus Wahlberg

80. Hind basitarsus with only one dorsal seta ... 81

– Hind basitarsus with at least 2 dorsal setae ... 82

81. Antenna black, with scape yellow beneath (see below) ... maculicornis Verrall

– Antenna black, with scape and pedicel yellow beneath; postpedicel 1.5 times longer than high at base; antennal stylus inserted at about basal third of postpedicel; face snow white; 3.5-4.0 ... agilis Meigen 

82. Antenna entirely black, at most scape reddish ventrally at apex ... 83

– At least scape distinctly yellow along whole length beneath ... 85

83. Face brownish yellow; wing with milky white spot at apex; cercus elongate oval, 1.5 times longer than wide, dark brown, incised and bearing long falcate setae on distal margin; 4.5-5.0.Fig. 33 ... apicalis Zetterstedt

– Face silvery white or grey white; wing without milky white spot at apex ... 84

84. Hind femur brown or black at apex; 4.5 (see above) ... albifrons Loew

– Hind femur yellow or slightly darkened at apex; 4.5-5.0 (see above) ... caligatus Wahlberg

85. Hind tibia brown black; 3.5 ... atritibialis Zetterstedt

– Hind tibia mostly yellow ... 86

86. Antenna mostly yellow or reddish yellow; postpedicel more or less strongly darkened or blackened dorsally at apex ... 87

– At least postpedicel black ... 88

87. Mid basitarsus pennate anterodorsally and posteroventrally, with flattened setae slightly longer than diameter of basitarsus; hind basitarsus entirely black; hind tibia more or less darkened at apex (see above); 4.0 ... pectinitarsis Stenhammar

– Mid basitarsus without flattened setae, with rows of elongate simple setae only; hind tibia yellow; hind basitarsus yellow at base; 4.0-4.5 ... parvicaudatus Zetterstedt

88. Mid tibia with long clear white dorsal area in distal third; face white, with yellowish tinge; antenna black, with scape yellow beneath; costa with punctiform thickening at R₁; 4 ... cinctipes Wahlberg

– Mid tibia without white dorsal area in distal third ... 89

89. Costa with long thick stigma at R₁; hind coxa mainly yellow, with more or less pronounced grey spot on outer side; postpedicel at least twice longer than high at base; lower calypter with white cilia; 3.5-4.0 ... acuticornisWiedemann

– Costal stigma punctiform or absent ... 90

90. Hind tibia posteriorly with distinct swelling in basal half; the swelling occupying about 1/3 length of tibia and quite devoid of setulae on posterior surface; face golden-yellow to ochreous; antenna black, except scape beneath; 4.0-5.0 ... lineatocornis Zetterstedt

– Hind tibia simple, not swollen in basal half ... 91

91. Antennal stylus inserted at about apical 1/3 of postpedicel ... 92

– Stylus middorsal ... 93

92. Hypopygium large; cercus large, with narrow black limb; face ochre-yellow, narrower than height of postpedicel; 4.5-5.0 ... grandicornis Wahlberg

– Hypopygium small; cercus small, with wide brown limb; face nearly 1.5 times wider than height of postpedicel; pedicel partly yellow, at least on inside face; and scape broadly black along whole length dorsally; 3.5-4.0 ... mediicornis Verrall

93. Pedicel partly, and scape entirely, yellow; face pale yellowish; mid basitarsus entirely dark; hind tibia with normal clothing of decumbent black setulae on at least posterior side; 4.0-5.0.Fig. 41 ... simplex Meigen

– Pedicel entirely black, and scape only narrowly yellow beneath; face glistening white; mid basitarsus mainly yellow; fore coxa blackish at base; hind tibia devoid of normal small setulae on a large part of dorsal and posterior surfaces; 4.0-5.0 ... caligatus Wahlberg

94. Some segments of fore tarsus widened ... 95

– Fore tarsus simple ... 96

95. 5^th segment of fore tarsus weakly widened; mid basitarsus without dorsal seta; mid tibia with only one ventral seta; face silvery white; 4.0-5.0 ... longitarsis Stannius 

– 5^th segment of fore tarsus strongly widened; mid basitarsus with one dorsal seta; mid tibia with 2 or more ventral setae; face dark yellow; 6.0-7.0 ... brevipennis Meigen

96. Mid and hind femora each with 2-5 subapical setae ... 97

– Mid and hind femora each with only one subapical seta ... 98

97. Fore femur yellow; mid basitarsus with one dorsal seta; mid tibia with 2 or more ventral setae; 6.0-7.0 ... ungulatus (Linnaeus)

– Fore femur black; 5.0-6.0 (see above) ... zetterstedti Stenhammar

98. Face silvery white, fine haired; anal lobe of wing undeveloped, and anal angle obtuse; costa distinctly thickened at R₁; postpedicel hardly longer than wide; cercus mainly white with blackish distal margin; 4.0-5.0 (see above) ... longitarsis Stannius 

– Face brownish or ochreous yellow; anal lobe of wing well developed, and anal angle right or almost right ... 99

99. Costa with punctiform stigma at R₁; wing without white spot at apex; postpedicel hardly longer than wide; cercus yellow or brown with darker distal margin; 4.0-4.5 ... rupestris Haliday

– Costa without stigma; wing with milky white spot at apex; cercus black; 4.5-5.0 (see above) ... apicalis Zetterstedt

Females (Some species known by males only are not included): aemulus Loew; albifrons Loew; annulitarsis Ringdahl; apicalis Zetterstedt; atritibialis Zetterstedt; austriacus Parent; bonsdorffi Frey; fulgidus Fallιn; grandicornis Wahlberg; maculicornis Verrall; spretus Loew; virgultorum Haliday.

1. Femora entirely or largely black ... 2

– Femora yellow, or if partly black, then none completely encircled with black ... 3

2. Lower postocular cilia pale ... 4

– Lower postocular cilia black ... 13

3. Lower postocular cilia pale ... 29

Lower postocular cilia black ... 72

4. Fore and mid tibiae black ... 5

– Fore and mid tibiae yellow ... 6

5. Hind tibia with 6-9 strong anteroventral setae ... tanythrix Loew

– Hind tibia with only one strong anteroventral seta ... atripes Meigen 

6. Mid femur mostly yellow ... 7

– Mid femur entirely or except apex black ... 9

7. Hind basitarsus with at least 2 dorsal setae ... fraterculus Zetterstedt; micropygus Wahlberg

– Hind basitarsus with 1 dorsal seta ... 8

8. Both fore and hind femora mainly or largely black; basal segment of antennal stylus quite short; mid tibia with ventral seta distinctly before adjacent posterodorsal ... clavipes Haliday 

– Hind femur only narrowly black along whole length dorsally, and ventrally at base; basal segment of stylus more than half as long as postpedicel; mid tibia with ventral seta distinctly beyond adjacent posterodorsal ... signifer Haliday

9. Hind basitarsus with 1 dorsal seta; antennal scape yellow along whole length beneath; hind tibia yellow, darkened only at apex ... clavipes Haliday 

– Hind basitarsus with at least 2 dorsal setae ... 10

10. First two and usually 3^rd segment of mid tarsus yellow or yellow brown with black apices; mid tibia with 6-8 anterodorsal setae ... remipes Wahlberg

– Mid tarsus black from tip of basitarsus; mid tibia with 4-5 anterodorsal setae ... 11

11. Hind tibia black, at most brown at base; antennal stylus inserted at apex of postpedicel ... costalis Frey

– Hind tibia yellow with black apex; antennal stylus inserted at middle of postpedicel ... 12

12. Face white-haired ... punctum Meigen 

– Face bare ... vitripennis Meigen 

13. Mid femur yellow, at most black at apices or on ventral surface ... 14

– Mid femur black, at most yellowish at apex ... 15

14. Mid and hind femora with at least 2 subapical setae ... zetterstedti Stenhammar

– Mid and hind femora with only one subapical setae ... rupestris Haliday

15. Fore and mid tibiae black, rarely mid tibia with broad median dirty white or light brown ring ... 16

– Fore and mid tibiae yellow ... 23

16. Mid and hind femora with at least 2 subapical setae ... maculipennis Zetterstedt

– Mid and hind femora with only one subapical setae ... 17

17. Mid tibia with 2 or more median ventral setae; mid tibia with broad median dirty white or light brown ring ... annulipes Zetterstedt 

– Mid tibia with only one median ventral setae ... 18

18. Fore tarsus yellow or light brown ... 19

– Fore tarsus black except outer base ... 20

19. Fore coxa white-haired; fore tarsus usually longer than fore tibia ... nigripes Fallιn

– Fore coxa black-haired; fore tarsus approximately equal in length to fore tibia ... meigeni Loew

20. Face white-haired ... melanopus Meigen

– Face bare ... 21

21. Tarsi entirely black ... ruthei Loew

– Fore and mid knees and base of fore and mid basitarsi yellow ... 22

22. Size larger, 6-7 ... picipes Meigen

– Smaller, 4 ... consimilis Wahlberg

23. Mid femora with 2 subapical setae ... campestris Meigen

– Mid femora with 1 subapical seta ... 24

24. Mid tibia with 2 or more median ventral setae ... 25 

– Mid tibia with only one median ventral setae ... 27

25. Hind tibia black ... planitarsis Fallιn 

– Hind tibia yellow except apex ... 26

26. Lower calypter with white cilia; wing brown at apex ... mannerheimi Zetterstedt

– Lower calypter with black cilia; wing evenly brown or transparent ... armillatus Wahlberg

27. Antennal stylus inserted at apex of postpedicel ... lancearius Hedstrφm

– Stylus middorsal ... 28

28. Hind tibia usually dark brown ... lepidus Staeger 

– Hind tibia yellow with black apex ... cruralis Wahlberg

29. Mid basitarsus with at least one dorsal seta ... 30

– Mid basitarsus without dorsal setae ... 38

30. Lower calypter with pale cilia ... 31

– Lower calypter with black cilia ... 32

31. Hind femur with 2-3 subapical setae ... claviger Stannius

– Hind femur with only one subapical seta ... pseudomigrans Ringdahl

32. Antenna mostly brown black; at most scape yellow beneath ... 33

– All antennomeres partly yellow, at least beneath ... 35

33. Both bends of M₁₊₂ smoothly rounded and weakly formed ... trivialis Haliday

– Curvation of M₁₊₂ strong, almost angular ... 34

34. Frons usually metallic green ... plumitarsis Fallιn

– Frons usually metallic blue ... migrans Zetterstedt

35. Hind tibia distinctly black at apex ... festivus Haliday

– Hind tibia yellow to apex or slightly brownish at extreme apex ... 36

36. Size smaller, 3.1-3.5 ... propinquus Zetterstedt; exiguus Zetterstedt

– Size larger, 4-5.5 ... 37

37. Fore coxa entirely or mainly white-haired ... arbustorum Stannius

– Fore coxa entirely or mainly black-haired ... cilifemoratus Macquart

38. Hind tibia black ... 39

– Hind tibia yellow or having black apex ... 40

39. Hind basitarsus with 2 dorsal setae ... urbanus Meigen

– Hind basitarsus with only one dorsal seta ... litorellus Zetterstedt

40. Mid and hind femora with 2-3 subapical setae ... 41

– Mid and hind femora with only one subapical setae ... 42

41. Antennal scape and pedicel short, yellow ... popularis Wiedemann

– Antennal scape and pedicel much lengthened; antenna black ... latipennis Fallιn

42. Mid tibia with at least 2 strong ventral setae ... 43

– Mid tibia with at most one strong ventral seta ... 44

43. Lower calypter with pale cilia ... pseudomigrans Ringdahl

– Lower calypter with black cilia ... discifer Stannius

44. Hind basitarsus with only one dorsal seta ... 45

– Hind basitarsus with 2 dorsal setae ... 48

45. Wing with at least first bend of M₁₊₂ rectangular, bearing short stub-vein (rudiment of M₂) ... griseipennis Stannius

– Both bends of M₁₊₂ normal, smoothly rounded and without trace of stub-vein ... 46

46. Antenna black ... litorellus Zetterstedt

– Antennal scape distinctly yellow beneath ... 47

47. Legs usually pale yellow; hind femur without dark spot dorsally at apex ... agilis Meigen 

– Legs usually dark yellow or brownish yellow; hind femur with dark spot dorsally at apex ... signifer Haliday

48. Wing with at least first bend of M₁₊₂ rectangular, bearing short stub-vein (rudiment of M₂)

... 49

– Both bends of M₁₊₂ normal, smoothly rounded and without trace of stub-vein ... 50

49. Antenna and hind basitarsus mostly yellow; clypeus at apex straight, adjacent to eyes ... nitidus Fallιn

– Antenna black; hind basitarsus brown black; facial clypeus distinctly separated from eyes ... diadema Haliday

50. Antennal stylus inserted at apical 1/4 or 1/3 of postpedicel ... 51

– Antennal stylus inserted at middle of postpedicel ... 52

51. Hind coxa entirely yellow ... signatus Meigen

– Basal half of hind coxa black ... discimanus Wahlberg, mediicornis Verrall

52. Face uniformly hairy ... 53

– Face bare ... 55

53. Hind femur with brown black spot dorsally at apex; hind tibia black at apex ... nubilus Meigen

– Hind femur at most slightly brownish dorsally at apex ... 54

54. Hind tibia black at apex ... cinctipes Wahlberg

Hind tibia barely darkened at apex ... latilimbatus Macquart 

55. Antenna black ... 56

– At least scape distinctly yellow beneath ... 57

56. Hind tibia yellow to apex ... hilaris Loew 

– Hind tibia black in apical 1/4 ... notatus Staeger

57. Hind coxa entirely or mainly yellow ... 58

– Hind coxa mainly dark, yellow only at apex [females are hardly determinable without males of the same series] ... 60

58. Mid coxa yellow, darkened only on outer impressed area; postpedicel not much longer than high, with rounded tip ... linearis Meigen 

– Mid coxa mainly black; postpedicel at least almost 1.5 times longer than high, with pointed tip ... 59

59. Antenna black, only scape yellow beneath; postpedicel almost 1.5 times longer than high; mid basitarsus largely darkened ... acuticornis Wiedemann

– Antenna mainly yellow, black dorsally on all segments and towards tip of postpedicel; latter distinctly more than 1.5 times longer than high; mid basitarsus entirely yellow ... longicornis Stannius

60. Antennal scape entirely yellow, or at most dark at tip of dorsal surface (care must be exercised here, lest the dense clothing of black hairs on dorsal surface be mistaken for black coloration) ... 61

– Scape at least narrowly darkened along whole length dorsally ... 65

61. Pedicel at least partly, and postpedicel entirely, black ... 62

– Pedicel entirely, or almost entirely, and postpedicel partly, yellow ... 63

62. Mid basitarsus entirely dark; at least always distinctly darker than tibia; pedicel on inside face, broadly black on apical margin ... simplex Meigen

– Mid basitarsus almost entirely yellow; pedicel on inside face only narrowly black on apical margin ... subpennatus d'Assis Fonseca

63. Anal lobe of wing undeveloped, and anal angle obtuse; hind basitarsus entirely black ... calinotus Loew

– Anal lobe of wing well developed, and anal angle right or acute ... 64

64. Hind tibia distinctly blackish at apex; hind basitarsus entirely black; clypeus bare; lower postocular setae pale golden yellow ... plumipes (Scopoli), pectinitarsis Stenhammar

– Hind tibia entirely yellow; hind basitarsus yellow in at least basal 1/3; clypeus hairy; lower postocular setae pale whitish yellow ... wahlbergi Zetterstedt, parvicaudatus Zetterstedt

65. Antenna black, yellow only along whole length of scape beneath ... 66

– Scape partly yellow, at least on inner face about base ... 67

66. Postpedicel slightly longer than high, distinctly pointed at tip; mid tibia with ventral seta beyond adjacent anterodorsal seta ... notatus Staeger

– Postpedicel higher than long, broadly rounded at tip; mid tibia with ventral seta about level with adjacent anterodorsal seta ... caligatus Wahlberg

67. Postpedicel broadly yellow on lower margin; hind basitarsus yellow on basal 1/3 or more; anal lobe of wing little developed, anal angle very obtuse ... sabinus Haliday

– Postpedicel entirely black; hind basitarsus entirely black; anal lobe of wing well developed, anal angle at greatest not much more than 90^o ... 68

68. Scutellum with multiple fringe of numerous pale hairs on hind face; wing with bends of M₁₊₂ weakly formed and very obtuse; hind tibia usually entirely yellow on anterior face, somewhat brownish at tip of posterior face ... pennatus Meigen

– Scutellum with single fringe of much fewer (about 10) pale hairs on lower margin of hind face; 2 or 3 isolated hairs sometimes present above ... 69

69. Hind tibia broadly black at apex on both anterior and posterior sides; face, seen from above and illuminated from in front, with distinct pale golden yellow tinge, especially on upper part; frons dusted golden yellow to brownish; wing with anal lobe more developed, anal angle less than 90^o ... argyrotarsis Wahlberg

– Hind tibia usually less broadly darkened at apex, on anterior side more brownish; face, seen as above, greyish white; frons dusted yellowish grey; anal lobe less developed, anal angle not less than 90^o ... 70

70. Antennal stylus inserted at apical 1/3 of postpedicel; bends of M₁₊₂ well marked ... signatus Meigen

– Antennal stylus inserted at middle of postpedicel; bends of M₁₊₂ more as in pennatus, weakly marked and very obtuse ... 71

71. Postpedicel with right-angular apex ... inconspicuus Zetterstedt

– Postpedicel with acute apex ... lineatocornis Zetterstedt

72. Mid and hind femora each with 2-5 subapical setae ... 73

– Mid and hind femora each with only one subapical seta ... 74

73. Fore femur yellow ... ungulatus (Linnaeus)

– Fore femur black ... zetterstedti Stenhammar

74. Mid basitarsus with one dorsal seta; mid tibia with 2 or more median ventral setae ... brevipennis Meigen

– Mid basitarsus without dorsal seta; mid tibia with only one ventral setae ... 75

75. Face bare; anal lobe of wing well developed, anal angle about 90^o ... rupestris Haliday

– Face hairy, at least on lower part; anal lobe little developed, anal angle much greater than 90^o; frons metallic green ... longitarsis Stannius